A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was an Indian aerospace engineer and science administrator who served as president of India from 2002 to 2007, and he is best known as the Missile Man of India for his work on ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology. His books include the autobiography Wings of Fire, the memoir Turning Points: A Journey Through Challenges, and Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India, a book on national renewal that places its faith in young people and in pairing technology with ethical values. After his presidency Kalam taught, wrote and took part in public service, and he died in 2015.